The jewish talmud says that god made four angels to surround his throne michael, gabriel, uriel and raphael. While catholic tradition considers some of these texts to be deuterocanonical, protestants consider them apocryphal. Some traditions hold that the archangel remiel is actually jeremiel or uriel while others claim that remiel is no longer an angel at all as some translations of the book of enoch name a remiel as a fallen angel who took a human wife. Enoch also gives a fairly long list of the names of fallen angels. The origin of the names of angels and demons in the extra. Although the term apocry phal had been in use since.
The apocryphal text the book of enoch includes the names of several other archangels. Some christian churches include some or all of the same texts within the body of their version of the old testament. Of course he is famous for being the angel during the annunciation but also made a proclamatio. The other archangels these four archangels are not mentioned in most modern versions of the bible, because the book of enoch was judged noncanonical in the 4th century ce. According to the book of enoch, exactly 200 watchers fell to earth to take human wives. But uriel is never named as an angel in any book that we know as the complete bible. Michael, gabriel, and raphael who appears in the deuterocanonical book of tobit, where he is described as one of the seven angels who stand ready and enter before the glory of the lord of spirits, a phrase recalled in revelation 8.
Stone edits and provides introductions, translations, and. The apocrypha are the books of the bible that were either included in some version of the. Sales says, in his version of the koran, preliminary discourse, that this whole. Michael gabriel it is my belief that the book of enoch originally came from an ancient library in babylon. Angels in the apocryphal text 2 esdras true freethinker. The orthodox church identifies gabriel as one of seven archangels, and the book of enoch, one of the apocryphal books, names gabriel in two lists of archangels.
Uriel is called an archangel in the apocryphal books of 2 esdras and enoch and in some ancient jewish writings. The 2 bc book of the parables ch xl names the four angels accompanying the ancient of days, standing before. There are only three real angel names that show up in the bible. In the apocryphal book of jubilee, allegedly dictated by an angel of the lord to moses on mount sinai when he also received the ten commandments, it says that enoch was, the first among men that are born on earth sic who learn writing, knowledge and wisdom. It is not, however, confirmed in the actual text of the bible. Justice between the archangels michael and gabriel. Charles 1917 an etext of a critical edition of the book of enoch. I have heard the claim in the past that there are seven named angels in the bible, but i cannot confirm this claim from studying the bible itself.
Angels in the apocryphal texts of maccabees herein we continued, from part 1, part 2, a series regarding paranormal entities in text generally termed the apocrypha, deutero canonical, pseudepigrapha, gnostic texts, etc. The following is an alphabetical list of the good angels whose names are given in the various books. Jeremiel also called remiel or uriel is named as an archangel in some verions of the apocryphal book of 2 esdras preserved in latin in the old testament. Biblical apocrypha are a set of texts included in the septuagint and latin vulgate but not in the hebrew bible. A wellknown gnostic apocryphal book is the gospel of thomas, the only complete text of which was found in the egyptian town of nag hammadi in 1945. Jan 02, 2020 only two holy angels are named in scripturegabriel luke 1. The tradition of seven archangels is present in the apocryphal book of tobit. That is because they were firstwritten in the greek language. Proper names were then bestowed upon many spirits both good and bad. However, in the book of enoch and other apocryphal texts, azazel was a. This is a list of names in which the categories include angels. Of all of these angels, uriel is likely the most popular and was mentioned frequently by church leaders in the early christian era and in the book of esdras.
In the book of adam and eve, however, and in rabbinic literature the four are michael, gabriel, uriel, and raphael. None of the books can well belong to a date later than 100 ad, though some 2 esdras, etc. Angels in the apocryphal texts of maccabees true freethinker. However, in the book of enoch and other apocryphal texts, azazel was a watcher an angel who. Names of angels names for gods messengers in the bible. What are the names of the seven angels, and the name of the. Between apocryphal references and church tradition gabriels status as archangel is commonly accepted. Two likenesses of these angels were placed on the ark of the covenant in the tabernacle exod. The books called the apocrypha consist of 14 books originally attached to the greek old testament that were not in the hebrewwritten bible. The angels mentioned in the older books of the hebrew bible aka the. Angels in the apocryphal text 2 esdras ezra aka 4 esdras aka latin esdras. Angels in bardesanes book of the laws of various countries.
Names like uriel, raguel, sariel, and jeremiel are not found in the canonical books of sacred scripture, but in the apocryphal book of enoch, fourth book of esdras. Only two holy angels are named in scripturegabriel luke 1. Jan 20, 2019 raphael is in the apocryphal book tobit, and he is the patron of the sacrament of reconciliation and connected to the planet mercury, and tuesday. The point is not to elucidate these references but to provide relevant partial quotations and citations.
Thus, protestant bibles do not include the books within the old testament but have. In the new testament, the term archangel occurs only twice. According to the apocryphal and banned book of enoch these were the angelic beings responsible for binding the wicked fallen angels or watchers who had transgressed gods law. The names of the angels are borrowed from the babylonian civilization of. Uriel, one of the holy angels, who is over the world and over tartarus.
It names 20 of these, explaining that each one was a leader in a group of 10. Other lists appear in other apocrypha and pseudepigrapha. See more ideas about angels and demons, angel and angel art. There are 20 leaders in the book of enoch, also called 1 enoch. Enoch and the watchers the real story of angels and demons. What are the names of the seven angels, and the name of. Apocrypha books list list of apocryphal books and chapters from the king james bible kjv. Raphael is in the apocryphal book tobit, and he is the patron of the. In the catholic church three archangels are mentioned by name in its canon of scripture. The specific named angels in the bible are as follows. The church does not permit proper names of angels that are not found in the canonical books of the bible. Armenian apocrypha relating to angels and biblical heroes. Dec 11, 2017 the orthodox church identifies gabriel as one of seven archangels and the book of enoch, one of the apocryphal books, names gabriel in two lists of archangels. Sales says, in his version of the koran, preliminary discourse, that this whole doctrine concerning angels, mohammed and his disciples.
Raphael is also mentioned in the book of tobit, an apocryphal book contained within the catholic bible. Jan 02, 2020 uriel is called an archangel in the apocryphal books of 2 esdras and enoch and in some ancient jewish writings. I am raphael, one of the seven angels who stand in the glorious presence of the lord, ready to serve him. John milton also includes uriel as a character in paradise lost. The apocryphal book of enoch names the seven as uriel, raguel, michael, seraqael, gabriel, haniel, and raphael. The idea of seven archangels is most explicitly stated in the deuterocanonical book of tobit when raphael reveals himself, declaring.
In his book from the ashes of angels, andrew collins names a few others, and other reference works corroborate some of the names given in these sources, sometimes with alternate. The angel raphael does appear in the apocryphal book of tobit or tobias, which is considered inspired by the catholic church. Raguel, one of the holy angels who takes vengeance on the world of the luminaries. Do you believe that group of fallen angels descended to the earth and. The ancient history of the 7 archangels of the bible. In the book of the covenant, god promises to send his angel to lead the. Apocrypha are works, usually written, of unknown authorship or of doubtful origin. Uriel is listed as the fourth angel in christian gnostics under the name. Names like uriel, raguel, sariel, and jeremiel are not found in the canonical books of sacred scripture, but in the apocryphal book of enoch, fourth book of esdras,1 and in rabbinical literature. Stones latest book explores how the vivid and creative armenian spiritual tradition shaped biblical stories to serve new needs.
The term apocrypha is used with various meanings, including hidden. These two good angels are mentioned later in new testament books. In the apocryphal old testament hebrew bible book of tobit, he is the one who, in human disguise and under the name of azarias yahweh helps. Though not appearing in classical jewish sources, this understanding of the flood has its roots in ancient apocryphal texts. Whatever was the fate of the antelukan and other possible 1stcentury gospels, it is with the 2nd century and the formation of an authoritative canon that the apocryphal gospels, such as we now have, for the most part begin to appear. Aug 09, 2015 the names of the other four archangels appear in jewish and christian sources outside of the canon of sacred scripture an example is the book of enoch chapter 20 and their names are. What are the names of the seven angels listed in the new testament. Raphael is in the apocryphal book tobit, and he is the patron of the sacrament of reconciliation and connected to the planet mercury, and tuesday. Enoch introduced such concepts as fallen angels, the messiah, the resurrection, and others. Uriel, raphael, raguel, michael, sariel, gabriel, and remeiel missing in the ethiopic text, see otp 1. After adam and eve sinned, a cherub guarded the gate to eden. The names of a similar group of angels michael, gabriel, suriel, and raphael were to be inscribed on the battletowers at the last battle 1qm 9. Only three angels are mentioned by name in the canonical bible gabriel, michael, and satan.
However, the later chapter xx lists the names and functions of seven angels. This archangel and has been called by many names throughout history and therefore is sometimes confused with other angels. Gabriel is one of the only angels identified by name in the bible. The book of enoch, referred to in the dead sea scrolls and attributed to the greatgrandfather of noah, described the sin of the nephilim and the perversion and lust which eventually caused god to condemn the entire. And these are the names of the holy angels who watch. The concept of seven archangels is found in some works of early jewish literature. The sources of the other names are apocryphal jewish writings that do not form part of the bible. The ancient history of the 7 archangels of the bible learn religions. With them, these apocryphal books were highly esteemed. Raphael appears in the deuterocanonical book of tobit, where he is described as one of the seven angels who stand ready and enter before the glory of the lord of spirits, a phrase recalled in revelation 8. Tf the only angels mentioned by name in the bible are michael, gabriel, and satan.
Other names derived from pseudepigrapha and recognized by eastern orthodox and oriental orthodox churches are selaphiel, jegudiel, and raguel. Aside from a few other brief references in patristic literature, nothing more was known of this apocryphon until. Raphael makes his appearance in the book of tobit, which is one of the apocryphal books of. The book of enoch was the source of the biblical angelic. The apocrypha the set of 1216 books, most of which appeared in the. Uriel is one of the archangels of postexilic rabbinic tradition, and also of certain christian traditions. Those angels are uriel, one of the holy angels, who is over the world and over tartarus, raphael, raguel, michael, saraqael, gabriel, and remiel. Dec 08, 2016 though not appearing in classical jewish sources, this understanding of the flood has its roots in ancient apocryphal texts. The quotations are of those sections within the text that refer to angels, cherubim, seraphim, devil, satan, demons, serpent and dragon. Uriel is an angel that played a major role throughout bible times although he is. The book of enoch 5 the history of the book of enoch the book was thought to have been lost, for over 2,000 years, with many ancient sources referring to it, and even quoting parts, but no complete copies were known.
The news report said that the early church had excluded the book, attributed to the old testament prophet and patriarch enoch, from the authorised version of the bible. The oldest apocryphal book is sirach, which in its original hebrew form belongs to between 190170 bc. In 2002 the british newspaper the sunday telegraph reported that the vatican had banned the veneration of those angels who do not appear in the authorized texts of the bible this was an attempt to counter the influence of unnamed new age groups who were allegedly. Just go through it looking for numbers, names, angels, trumpets, thunders, etc. In the pseudepigraphal first book of enoch, raphael is the angel of.
Blessed be ethiopian and egyptian coptic churches as oldest mother christians in the world. Two of these names, gabriel and michael, occur in the book of daniel 8 16 10. Yehoshua meaning yahweh is salvation, from the roots yeho referring to the hebrew god and. The names are found in first book of enoch and another list in the. In the prologue to ezra jerome states that the third book and fourth book of ezra are apocryphal. This special group of angels guard the holiness of god from the sinfulness of man.
Those angels are michael, uriel, raphael, and gabriel though some versions have a fifth angel. The names of the other four archangels appear in jewish and christian sources outside of the canon of sacred scripture an example is the book of enoch chapter 20 and their names are. The orthodox church identifies gabriel as one of seven archangels and the book of enoch, one of the apocryphal books, names gabriel in two lists of archangels. The gospel of judas, a gnostic gospel, also received much media attention when it was reconstructed in 2006. The names of the seven archangels in catholic tradition. The book of the watchers 1 enoch 6 the book of parables of enoch 1 enoch 3771 also called the similitudes of enoch the astronomical book 1 enoch 7282 also called the book of the heavenly luminaries or book of luminaries the book of dream visions 1 enoch 8390 also. Then in 1773, james bruce brought three copies back from ethiopia, having spent some years exploring the country. In one apocryphal book, the life of adam and eve, he is one of the cherubs in. Another apocryphal angel is uriel, he is mentioned by name only five times, in the book of 2 esdras. Hopefully i will be able to piece it together for you as best i can, but it will take a while. Raguel, sariel, and jerahmeel, while other apocryphal sources give instead the names izidkiel, hanael, and kepharel. In its greek form the best modern scholars agree in fixing it at between 120 bc.
Raphael, one of the holy angels, who is over the spirits of men. Although in the book of enoch, ramiel is described as one of the leaders of the 200 grigori, the fallen angels, the leader is identified as semjaza. In testament of levi 8 levi sees seven men clothed in white who prepare him to be a priest. The book of enoch the prophet translated by richard laurence 1883 an earlier and very influential 19th century translation of 1 enoch. In apocryphal, kabbalistic, and occult works, uriel has been equated or. The first book of maccabees i have found to be hebrew, the second is greek, as can be proved from the very style. Apocryphal gospels international standard bible encyclopedia. In the catholic church, three archangels are mentioned by name in its canon of scripture. At least two other angels are named in the apocrypha, including raphael book of tobit, and uriel 2.